Pore lipids are necessary to prevent ion conduction in the closed state. Several associated lipids have distinct roles in MscS mechanosensation. We present the structures of MscS in the subconducting and desensitized states, and demonstrate that the conformation of MscS in a lipid bilayer in the open state is dynamic. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of MscS in different membrane environments, including one that mimics a membrane under tension. The bacterial mechanosensitive channel of small conductance, MscS, is one of the most extensively studied mechanosensitive channels 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, but how it is regulated by membrane tension remains unclear, even though the structures are known for its open and closed states 9, 10, 11. However, how exactly they sense mechanical force remains under investigation 4. Mechanosensitive channels sense mechanical forces in cell membranes and underlie many biological sensing processes 1, 2, 3.
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